PaperZhejiangcun: social and spatial implications of informal urbanization on the periphery of Beijing
Cited by (43)
- Citation Excerpt :
What are the extraordinary attributes of urban villages or other types of informal housing that satisfy migrant housing needs besides the low rent, location and other housing characteristics? Inspired by stories of Zhejiang Village in Beijing (Gu, Wang, & Liu, 2005; Liu & Liang, 1997) and Taxi Driver Village in Shenzhen (Mo, 2016), featuring the same rural village origins and the same occupations respectively, we hypothesize that similar latent social factors are considered by migrants when making housing choices. A social capital perspective provides the theoretical framework for understanding migrant housing choice.
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Although migrants provide low-cost labor they are perceived to receive unfair treatment in regard to the availability of public services and social welfare (e.g. education and health care). Based on the studies that examine the demographic measurement of urbanization [15,16], urbanization is measured alternatively as the non-agricultural population divided by total registered population (Urban2) to reflect the formal urbanization level. The second contribution is to investigate the different channels through which urbanization exerts an indirect impact on energy intensity.
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One of the unique characteristics of this migrant community is that it comprises migrants with a common place of origin—the rural counties of Wenzhou city (Yueqing and Yongjia county) (Xiang, 2005). After a period of contestation over local government, Zhejiang village gained its economic power by having an important garment industry and the largest market for garments and cloth in Beijing (Liu & Liang, 1997). Migrants are not eligible for many municipal services, such as education and health care.
- Citation Excerpt :
“City villages1” in Beijing use to be the main settlements for this social group. The research of this phenomenon has been a topic that has attracted considerable attention in the literature during last decade (Gu & Shen, 2003; Liu & Liang, 1997; Wu, 2002; Xiang, 1999). However, due to the 2008 Olympic Games,2 most of “city villages”, in particular, those within the 5th Ring Road, were torn down by the local government.
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As a result, the physical environment in many villages is usually in poor condition: buildings are overcrowded; public stairways and pathways inside buildings are extremely narrow; public facilities are inadequate and poorly maintained; public roadways cannot meet the basic requirements of transportation and fire control standards; distances between buildings are well below standard and cannot meet fire control standards; and garbage is scattered and unhygienic (Fig. 1). Inadequate urban infrastructure and high housing and population density have together caused problems such as congestion, environmental pollution and waste disposal (Liu and Liang, 1997; Zhang et al., 2003). Furthermore, land uses in these villages are extremely unorganized, resulting in a low efficiency in land utilization.
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